The temperament describes the way how a human being acts and reacts. For a long time the European culture distinguished four types that justified on the classical four-element-teaching and the four-humours-teaching. The world is accordingly composed of four elements which combine the four main properties: fire (warm and dry), air (warm and wet), water (wet and cold) and earth (cold and dry). Man, too, is composed of these elements, which the four humours correspond: yellow bile, black bile, bloo...