Originally called hokku, the familiar 3-line verse began as the opening of a group improvisation called renga which evolved in Japan in the middle ages. Often creating spontaneously, one poet would speak the first three lines, another poet would add the next two, another the next three and so on until a longer composition had evolved. This creative collaboration was an important social, creative, and intellectual pastime. Eventually the opening three line groups (whose lines commonly had syllabl...